Combing-machine.



M. BO'HMER.

COMBING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19, 1914.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

4 SHEETS-SHEET1.

M. BUHMER.

COMBING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 19, 1914.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

4 SHEETS8HEET 2- COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH 420., WASHINGTON. D. L.

M. B'O'IIMER.

COMBING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I9. I914.

I I 45. Patented Dec. 14, 1915.

4 SHEETSSHEET 3.

COLUMBIA PLANDGRAPH c0., WASHINGTON. D. c.

Patented Dec. 14, 1915. I 4 EEEE TS' EEEEE 4.

MAX Bonn inn, or CHEMNITZ, GERMANY.

COMBING-MAGI-IINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dee. Mt, 1915.

Application filed March 19, 1914. Serial No. 325,855.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, MAX Bormrnn, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, residing at 10 Heichenhainerstrasse, Chemnitz, Saxony, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in combing-Ma chines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear,'and-eX-act descriptiog of the invention.

This invention relates to improvements in combing-machines.

In the known Heilmann combing-ma chines adapted for the simultaneous treat ment of two separate ribbon laps by means of two combing and detaching mechanisms, the laps are arranged above the machine and the combed fleeces are directed toward both sides from the interior outward. This arrangement of the laps increases the difficulty of attendance on the machine. To obviate this disadvantage the laps to be combed have been conveyed to the combing and detaching devices from the outside, so'that the said devices operate in the inward direction, the combed fleeces from each side coming to gether in the center and forming one sliver on a piecing device provided in the middle of the machine, the sliver being then drawn off upward and laterally.

According to my invention the laps to be combed are arranged at the bottom of the machine and are conveyed upward and inward to two separate piecing mechanisms cooperating with a separate mechanism lo cated above the machine which combines the two slivers sc-that the points or edges of the tufts of one sliver meet the middle tufts of the other sliver. It is thus no longer necessary that in each fleece the edges of the tufts shall considerably overlap, so that the considerable return or backward movement of the combed tuft or sliver hitherto required can be largely reduced in extent.

Referring to the drawings in which like parts are similarly designatled'Figure 1 designates a tuft made by the usual Heilmann combing machine. Fig. 2 is a diagram representing two successive tufts and mination of the detaching operation.

grammatically the manner in which the two fleeces are laid upon one another in accordmechanism. Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate the driving mechanism for the rollers.

In the ordinary Heilmann combing-inachine tufts of fiber on (Fig. 1) are torn from the lap or sliver to be combed, the said tufts being laid over one another so as to overlap.

In order to effect this the combed tuft or detaching sliver must be returned for a distance equal to half its length that is to say, for a length (Fig. 2) in order that the next tuft can lap over the rear end of the combed portion and thereby a good so-called piecing of the tufts to a homogeneous fleece be obtained.

While in the original l-l'eilmann machines the feed mechanism remains stationary during the combing operation, in later machines of this type the feed device remains in operation during the combing, and the top comb moves forward with the lap. As thereby the detaching rollers turn much more quickly than the feed rollers which supply the lap to be combed, the material during the combing is subjected to a drawing operation. A. tuft a (Fig. 3) is then ob tained which is longer than ;the longest fiber or staple of the goods. By reason of this drawing thicker ribbon-laps can be combed so that the output of the machine is increased. In order to effect a good piecing of such longer and thicker tufts (Fi at) it is necessaryassuming that the front reduced end of the tuft is indicated by the letter I) (Fig. 5)that the sliver be returned for more than half the length of tuft, that is to say, for

As this return movement of the combed sliver must be effected very rapidly a very unpleasant noise is produced and the drivfee short return of the tuft which corresponds to the reduced end of the latter is rendered possible by superposing the fleeces of two simultaneously operating combing and detaching devices, in such a manner that the ends of the tufts on one fleece coincide approximately with the middle of the tufts of the other fleece. In this manner a fleece is obtained which is twice as well pieced.

.The combing machine comprises, as above described, two symmetrically arranged combing and detaching devices which operate toward the center.

2 arethe combing cvlinders mounted upon I the shafts 1 and each having the two leather or fluted segments a and the two combing segments 3. The number of rows on each of the said combing segments can, in the case of the present machine, be seventeen or more, and the leather segments can be made longer than in the ordinary duplex Heilmann machines. as the space necessary between the combing and the leather segment for the reception of the returned fleeces is dispensed with in the present machine.

5 are the brushes which remove the waste from the combing segment 3 and pass it to the dotting cylinder 6. whence it is removed by the vibrating comb 7. r V I The upper nippers 13 are secured upon spindles 12 upon which the lower nippers highest position of the said lower nippers 14. These lower nippers 14 are provided moreover, with downwardly directed arms '31 (Fig. 7) the ends of which are connected by rods 32 with a spring 83 tending constantly to press the lower nippers upward.

The top combs 19 (Fig. 9) are secured to limbs 18 which are pivoted to arms 17 on the shaft 16. I Slotted arms are also keyed to the shaft 16 and are engaged by the pins or bolts of slide 76 which are adjustable in the vertical direction and are fitted to push-rods 77 provided with bowls or rollers 79 hearing against the periphery of cams secured on shafts 1 the said pushrods being carried by arms 78 rocking upon the shafts 12 carrying the upper nipper. A spring 88, which is connected by rods 87 to the lower ends of the rocking arms 78, is provided in order to hold the push-rods against the cams 80. By the adjustment of the slides 76 the forward and backward movement of the top combs 19 may be regulated as desired, the rise and fall of the said combs being effected through the medium of a roller 82 attached by means of the slide 81 to the comb lever 18 and adapted to roll to and fro upon the surface 83. Upon the shafts 12 of the upper nippers 13 (Fig. 8) are Secured arms 35 provided with rollers 38 which are held against cams 39 on shafts l by a spring 37 connected to the grins 35 by the rods 36.

41 are the top detacher rollers which work in conjunction with the leather or fluted segments 4 and are raised somewhat during the passing of the comb segments 3 beneath them in order to prevent the said rollers from being damaged. For this purpose arms 108 (Fig. 8) are keyed on the shafts 43 and are applied against the underside of the top detacher rollers 11 the movement of which is effected by arms 44 which are secured upon the shafts 43 and carry at their free ends rollers 45 under control of cams lo.

49 are weights by means of which the rollers tl are pressed against the leather segments through transverse arms 4-8 the terminal hooks 47 of which are applied from above.

27 are the cylinders which carry the laps to be combed and which rest upon pairs of rollers 25 supported in the frame 26 of the machine. run between the rollers 21 and 22 over the guide table 86 to the feed rollers Sland 85. The detached tufts pass over the guide tables 52, which are preferably formed of two relatively adjustable parts to the rollers 51 which connect or piece the two fleeces together. The double fleece is then conveyed upward through a cone and then drawn through rollers 55 in order that it may be conveyed laterally over a table 56, which extends completely across the machine, together with the slivers coming from the other heads of the machine. Troughs 53 are provided beneath the rollers for collecting any fleece that may be torn off.

28 and 29 are sheet metal jackets which inclose the machine at each side for preventing the loose fibers from reaching the lap cylinders, the jackets being arranged to be moved about a pivot 30.

While the arrangement for controlling the nippers and the top combs corresponds essentiallyto the usual construction, the detaching mechanism is different since the return movement of the tuft 0r sliver is only a small From these cylinders the laps (Figs. 10 and 11).

one, the return movement being efi'ected by the lower piecing rollers 10 which transmit their motion to the upper piecing rollers 12 and are in contact with the leather roller 11 which operates in conjunction with the leather or fluted segments 4. Upon each lower piecing roller to there is secured a toothed wheel indicated at 103* and 103 The wheel 103 gears with wheel 101 that carries a gear wheel 100 and the piecing roller gear wheel 103* meshes with a gear wheel 102 that also meshes with the gear wheellOl. The gear wheel 100 meshes with a toothed wheel 90 loosely mounted on the shaft 1 and having internal teeth meshing with a pinion 91 driven by a wheel 89 keyed upon the shaft 1. The wheel 91 is itself carried by one end of a lever 92 rocking on the shaft 1 and being engaged in a slot in its other end by a bolt a on the forked arm 93 sliding upon a block 94: mounted on the other or corresponding shaft 1. The arm 93 is provided with a roller 95 engaging a cam wheel 96 which is keyed upon the shaft 1 and is driven from a toothed wheel 99 on the main driving shaft 34:, so that the sliding arm 93 on each combing operation is moved to-and-fro once, which imparts a rocking movement to the wheel 91 on the lever 92. Vhen the lever swings opposite to the direction of rotation of the driving wheel 89 the movement of the driven wheel 90 is correspondingly diminished. whereby the piecing roller 40 has imparted to it the slow return movement. The converse conditions apply as the lever 92 swings in the opposite direction, when the rapid detaching motion is imparted to the piecing roller 10. By adjusting the bolt a of the arm 93 in the slot of the lever 92, the extent of the forward and backward rotation of the piecing roller 40 can be regulated as desired. The detaching of the fiber tuft continues exactly as long as the said backward motion, that is to say, one half the length of the combing stroke, and as the return motion is much less than that of the detaching operation, the former operation goes forward much more slowly than the latter. In the ordinary combing machines the reverse conditions exist since the return movement must take place very rapidly which gives place to an unpleasant noise and rapid wear of the working parts. The present machine can consequently run more rapidly, thus considerably increasing its output.

A toothed wheel 102 drives by means of the wheels 104 and 105, the rollers 51 which unite the two fleeces, and in order to insure that the fiber tufts of the two fleeces shall be displaced relatively to one another in the above described manner, the two piecing rollers 51. are not arranged in the middle line of the machine but laterally thereof.

This lateral displacement corresponds preferably to a distance (see Figs. 5 and 6) whereby in the resulting sliver the tufts are so displaced relatively to one another that the piecing points of one fleece lie exactly between two successive piecing points of the other fleece.

The driving gear for the brushes is shown in the lower part of Fig. 8, the drive being effected from the main shaft 3 1. Upon this shaft 3 1 there is secured the toothed wheel 5? which drives the intermediate wheel 58 which, itself, is in. mesh with the toothed wheel 59 keyed upon one of the brush shafts 205. With this toothed wheel there is rigidly connected the toothed wheel 60 on one of the brush shafts and which is in engagement with the corresponding toothed wheel 60 on the other brush shaft. The doiling cylinders 6 which are mounted upon the shafts 209 receive their motion from one of the shafts 1 of the combing cylinders through the medium of toothed gearing, not shown in the drawing. Upon one of the shafts 209 there is mounted a toothed wheel 110 which ineshe's with a corresponding toothed wheel 110 keyed upon the shaft 209 of the other dofiing cylinder so that the second dofling cylinder is driven from the first roller by means of the toothed wheel 110.

The driving gear of the combing cylinders is illustrated in Figs. 10 and 11. Upon the driving shaft 34, which bears the driving pulley 107, there is a toothed wheel 99 Fig. 10, which gears with the toothed wheel 90 mounted upon one of the shafts 1 of one of the combing cylinders 2. On the shaft of the said wheel. 96 there is secured the wheel 97 which is in mesh with the wheel 98 of the same diameter and keyed upon the shaft 1 of the other combing cylinder.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a combing machine, means for combing independent laps, detaching mechanism, lap cylinders located. at the bottom of the machine, mechanism for conveying the laps upward and inward, two separate piecing mechanisms, and mechanism to combine the two laps and convey them upward.

2. In a combine; machine means for forming imperfectly pieced fleeces, and mechae nism to combine two such fleeces with the points of the tuftsof one'iieece coinciding approximately with. the middle of the tufts of the other fleece.

3. In a combing machine, two combing heads, mechanism pertaining to each head for combing and piecing tufts into fleeces, means for forwarding the fleeces toward one another, and mechanism unsymmetrically arranged with respect to said two heads to combine the two fleeces with the tuft points of one fleece coinciding approximately with the middle of the tufts of the other fleece.

l. In a combinr machine, two combing heads having detaching mechanisms operating in unison, and having means for piecing the fleeces and means for forwarding the fleeces toward one another, combining rolls to which the fleeces are directed, said rolls displaced from the middle of the machine by about half the length of a tuft, whereby the tuft points of one fleece are placed about at the middle of the tufts of the other fleece.

In a combing machine, tne combination with a pair of piecing rolls and a gear. train between them; of a loose internalexternal gear wheel for driving said gear train, a driven gear wheel concentric with said loose gear wheel, a swinging planet wheel meshing with both said driven gear wheel and said loose gear wheel, and means to swing said planet wheel.

6. In a combing machine, the combination with the piecing rolls of cooperating combheads; of a single gear wheel geared to said rolls, an annular gear wheel having external and internal gear teeth whose external gear teeth mesh with said single gear wheel, a driven pinion meshing withthe internal gear teeth of said annular gear wheel, and means to move said pinion about the center of said. annular gear wheel and thereby impart the advance and return movements to said rolls.

7. In a combing machine, the combination with the piecing rolls of cooperating combing h ads; of a single gear wheel geared to said rolls, an annular gear wheel having external and internal gear teeth whose external gear teeth mesh with said single gear wheel, a driven pinion meshing with the internal gear teeth of said annular gear wheel, means to move said pinion about the center of said annular gear wheel and thereby impart the advance and return movements to said rolls, and adjusting means to control the extent of movement of said pinion.

8. In a coi'nbing machine, the combination with two combing cylinder shafts, two piecing rollers and a gear train common to both of them to drive said rollers in opposite directions, a gear wheel loose on one of said shafts having internal and external teeth, the latter teeth imparting movement to said gear train, a lever also loose on said shaft, a pinion driven by the latter gear wheel and meshing with said internal teeth, a cam on the other of said two shafts, and a sliding arm on the latter shaft controlled by said cam and adjustably connected to said lever.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MAX BUHMER.

Witnesses:

F. H. Snenn, W. H. Mticini.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents. Washington, D. C. 

